Cov ntaub ntawv tseem ceeb uas siv los tsim cov tsheb kauj vab muaj xws li: steel, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, scandium alloy, carbon fiber, thiab lwm yam. Feem ntau, thav ntawv muaj nyob rau hauv kev ua lag luam yog ua los ntawm steel, aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, thiab carbon fiber. Scandium alloy thiab magnesium alloy yog cov ntaub ntawv tshiab thiab tsawg dua.
Yuav kom nkag siab txog cov khoom ntawm cov ntaub ntawv no, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum paub qee cov ntsiab lus thiab cov ntsiab lus:
1. Lub zog. Xav txog qhov hnyav uas dai rau ntawm qhov kawg ntawm ib tug hlau pas nrig, hnyav txaus ua rau deformation mus tas li. Ntawd yog, thaum qhov hnyav raug tshem tawm, cov pas hlau hlau tseem khoov thiab tsis tuaj yeem rov qab los rau nws qhov qub; qhov no yog hu ua yield. Lub zog xav tau kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig txawv nyob ntawm cov khoom siv; qhov no yog hu ua lub zog. Lub zog muaj feem xyuam rau cov ncej durability tab sis tsis caij zoo. Lub zog yog txiav txim los ntawm cov khoom siv lub zog tawm los. Lub zog tawm los yog cuam tshuam loj heev los ntawm qhov zoo ntawm cov thav duab tubing, txheej txheem kev kho cua sov, thiab cov alloy muaj pes tsawg leeg (rau qee hom).
2. Kev nruj (lossis rigidity) tuaj yeem piav qhia raws li hauv qab no: Xav txog ib lub pas nrig hlau nrog ib kawg tsau rau lub clamp. Ib qho hnyav yog siv rau lwm qhov kawg, ua rau tus pas nrig ib ntus khoov. Thaum qhov hnyav raug tshem tawm, tus pas nrig tam sim rov qab mus rau nws qhov qub. Tib qhov hnyav siv rau cov khoom sib txawv yuav tsim cov qib sib txawv ntawm kev khoov; qhov no yog nruj. Kev tawv nqaij cuam tshuam rau kev caij tsheb kauj vab zoo vim tias lub thav duab feem ntau cuam tshuam rau kev deformation thaum caij ib txwm. Kev nruj yog txiav txim los ntawm cov khoom siv modulus ntawm elasticity, thiab qhov tseem ceeb, lub modulus ntawm elasticity yog ywj siab ntawm cov hlau zoo thiab muaj pes tsawg leeg ntawm nws alloys. Piv txwv li, txhua hom hlau muaj qhov tseem ceeb tib yam modulus ntawm elasticity.